Our Methodology

Discover how we collect, validate, and analyze water pricing data from municipalities across the United States to create the most comprehensive water cost database available.

Why 100,000+ Population Threshold

We focus on municipalities with populations of 100,000 or more for several important reasons that ensure data quality and relevance.

Data Reliability

Larger municipalities have standardized billing systems and publicly available rate structures

Population Impact

These municipalities collectively serve the majority of Americans

Economic Significance

Large municipalities often set pricing trends that smaller utilities follow

Resource Efficiency

Provides comprehensive coverage while maintaining data quality

Data Collection Process

Our water pricing data collection follows a systematic approach with multiple validation steps

1

Source Identification

We identify water pricing sources through multiple channels:

  • Municipal water utility websites
  • Published rate schedules and tariffs
  • Public utility commission filings
  • Municipal budget documents
2

Web Scraping

Our automated systems regularly scrape public websites to collect the latest rate information:

  • Rate tables and pricing schedules
  • Base fees and connection charges
  • Tiered pricing structures
  • Surcharges and special assessments
3

Data Parsing and Validation

Raw pricing data is processed through multiple validation steps:

Format Standardization

Converting various rate formats into consistent units

Volume Standardization

Converting all rates to per-1000-gallon basis for comparison

Normalization to Per-1000-Gallons

Water utilities use various billing units, which we standardize for accurate comparison

1,000
gallons
Standard unit
748
gal/CCF
100 cubic feet
264
gal/m³
Cubic meters
1
gallon
Individual
7.5
gal/ft³
Cubic feet
326k
gal/ac-ft
Acre-feet

Need to Convert Units?

Use our conversion tool to easily convert between different water billing units

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Population Weighting

Our state and national averages are weighted by population to ensure accuracy and represent the actual cost burden experienced by most residents.

1

Municipality Level

Each municipality's rates are weighted by its population

2

State Level

State averages reflect the population distribution within each state

3

National Level

Country-wide averages account for population served at each price point

Volume Calculations

👤 Average US Adult 2,500 gal/month
🏠 Average US Household 7,000 gal/month
🥩 Head of Beef Cattle 10,944 gal/month
🥛 Head of Dairy Cattle 13,680 gal/month
🌾 Acre of Alfalfa 130,000 gal/month

Questions About Our Methodology?

We're committed to transparency in our data collection and analysis. If you have questions about our methodology or notice data that seems incorrect, we'd love to hear from you.

Contact Us